Ventilator



(No Model.) 2 Sheets-Sheet 2.

P. ABRAHAMSON.

VENTILATOR No. 454,195. Patented June 16, 1891 UNITED STATES PATENTOFFICE.

PETER ABRAHAMSON, OF SAN FRANCISCO, CALIFORNIA.

VENTILA-TOR.

SPECIEIGATION'forming part of Letters Patent No. 454,195, dated June 16,1891.

Application filed December 2, 1890.

Serial No. 373,365. (No model.)

To all whom, it mag concern.-

Be it known that I, PETER ABRAHAMSON, a citizen of the United States,residing in the city and county of San Francisco, State of California,have invented an Improvement-in Ventilators; and I hereby declare thefollowing to be a full, clear, and exact description of the same.

My invention relates to that class of vent-ilators in whichseparatepassages are employed for the incoming and outgoing currents.

My invention consists in the novel construction of the outer or exteriorend of the ventilator, the general object of which is to adapt thedevice for ventilating apartments from above by eifecting an entrance ofthe ventilatorinto said compartments in the top portion thereof, thususing it for sidewalk and basement apartments, ceilings, gables, and theroofs or tops of other apartments.

Referring to the accompanying drawings for a more complete explanationof my invention, Figure 1 is a section of my ventilator in a house. Fig.2 is a perspective view of the inner end of my ventilator. Fig. 3 is aperspective View of the outer end, portions being broken away to showinteriors;

A represents an apartment, which may be a basement, an ordinary room, ora gable apartment. (Here shown as an ordinary room.) The entrance of theventilator thereto is made in the ceiling B, and preferably around thecenter-piece thereof.

The ventilator consists of a suitable box or casing C, which extendsalong the ceiling to the wall and thence upwardly through the wall tothe roof of the building, where it is exposed to the outer air; or thisexposure may be made at points other than on the roof-as, for example,on the side of the building.

This ventilator is divided into two passages c and c, which areformed,when the box is a rectangular one, as shown in Fig. 2, by a transverse partition.

' The openings of the ventilator into the apartment A are represented byc and 0 the former being for the hot air and fully exposed, and thelatter being for the cold or fresh air and covered by a wire-gauze orperforated shield to reduce the capacity of the opening. The part D,connected with the uprighttrunk of the ventilator-box, represents aplace where the connection can be made for the ceiling of an upperapartment, so that the same trunk can supply a vertical series of rooms.The outer or exposed upper end of the hot-air passage 0 is covered witha coneshaped perforated sheet or wire-gauze 0 The upper end of the coldor fresh air passage is covered, as by a hood f, and is divided byinternal right-angled partitions E into three separate passages, each ofwhich has a separate opening e in the sides of the box or casing nearthe top.

F is a hood which is fitted over the top of' '65 the ventilator in sucha position that the conical-shaped cover 0 of the hot-air passageprojects above it, while the openings 6 into the cold-air divisions arebelow the hood and under its walls.

G is a second hood forming a cover over the entire top of the Ventilatorto prevent the e11- tranceof rain.

In case a damper be needed-as, for example, where it is desired to allowthe room to become heated without interference from the ventilator=-Iprovide a suitable one, such as is represented by H. Y

The main object I have in view is to ventilate the room from above. Theheated air ascends, and seeking the passage having the opening ofgreatest capacity-namely, the free passage c -passes out through saidpassage and escapes through the upper end of the ventilator. Thisoutgoing current naturally creates by exhaustion an incoming current offresh air, which, seeking the freer openings at the top of theventilator-namely, the openings 6 rather than the perforated coveredopening c -will enter the cold-air passage c and pass down through theventilator into the upper portion of the room, and falling will seek thelowermost portion, thereby creating an effective circulation of air inthe apartment, but without any drafts. The hood F tends to invite thecold air to the openings e; but to prevent any interference of thecoldair current and yet to obtain the largest entrance capacity thereforI have the divisional walls E in the upper end of the cold-air passage,which by breaking up the passage into several smaller ones preventsinterference with the currents in entering the openings 6, and alsoinduces by their decreased capacity separately stronger currents intothe general body of the cold-air passage.

\Vhere basement and sidewalk apartments have to be ventilated theventilator is properly located to introduce the air to and take it fromthe apartment at the top, while its outer end runs up to the externalair in the most convenient position.

Having thus described my invention, What I claim as new, and desire tosecure by Letters Patent, is

1. In a ventilator, a casing square in crosssection having separatepassages for the incoming and outgoing currents and having its upper endformed with openings in three of its sides, the right-angled partitionin the upper end of one of the passages in said casing dividing saidpassage into sub-passages, each of which communicates with one of theopenings in the three sides of the casing, and the hood F over saidopenings, substantially as herein described.

2. A ventilator consisting of a casin g having a partition dividing itinto two passages, one for the incoming and the other for the outgoingcurrents, a right-angled partition vertically disposed in the outer orupper end of the casing, forming a plurality of sub-paseach of whichcommunicates with a separate opening through the walls of the casi ng, ascreen covering or cap over the outer end of one of the main passages,and a perforated or screen cover at the inner end of the other mainpassage, the opposite ends of said main passages having a free openingand the two passages being relatively reversed, substantially as hereindescribed.

3. A ventilator consisting of a casing having separate passages for theincoming and outgoing currents, one of said passages at its outer endhaving a perforated cap and at its inner end a free opening, and theother of said passages having at its inner end a perforated cover and atits outer end the rightangled partitions E, forming separatesubpassages, each of which has a separate opening through the Walls ofthe casing to the external air, the hood F over said openings andthrough which the said perforated cap projects, and the hood G over thewhole top of the ventilator, substantially as herein described.

In Witness whereof I have hereunto set my hand.

sages,

PETER ABRAHAMSON. Witnesses:

S. II. Nonnsn, J. A. BAYLESS.

